SQL | outline
SQL
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1. Introduction to SQL
- Overview of SQL and databases
- Importance of SQL in data management
- Types of databases (Relational vs Non-relational)
- SQL syntax and basic structure
- SQL commands (DML, DDL, DCL, TCL)
2. SQL Basics
- Introduction to tables, rows, and columns
- SELECT statement
- Filtering data using WHERE
- Sorting data using ORDER BY
- Limiting results with LIMIT
3. Data Retrieval
- Using SELECT with multiple columns
- String functions (CONCAT, LENGTH, etc.)
- Numeric functions (ROUND, ABS, etc.)
- Date functions (DATE, NOW, etc.)
- DISTINCT keyword
- Aliases (AS)
4. SQL Joins
- INNER JOIN
- LEFT JOIN (LEFT OUTER JOIN)
- RIGHT JOIN (RIGHT OUTER JOIN)
- FULL OUTER JOIN
- CROSS JOIN
- SELF JOIN
5. Aggregate Functions
- COUNT(), AVG(), SUM(), MIN(), MAX()
- GROUP BY clause
- HAVING clause
- Combining GROUP BY and aggregate functions
6. Subqueries
- Subqueries in SELECT, FROM, WHERE, and HAVING clauses
- Correlated vs Non-correlated subqueries
- EXISTS and NOT EXISTS
- IN and NOT IN
7. SQL Data Manipulation (DML)
- INSERT INTO
- UPDATE
- DELETE
- Transactions and Commit/Rollback
8. SQL Data Definition (DDL)
- CREATE TABLE
- ALTER TABLE
- DROP TABLE
- Constraints (PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL, CHECK)
- Indexes
9. SQL Data Control (DCL)
- GRANT
- REVOKE
- Creating users and managing permissions
10. Advanced SQL
- Normalization and denormalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF)
- Complex joins and nested queries
- CASE WHEN for conditional logic
- Using views
- Triggers and stored procedures
- Transactions and concurrency
11. SQL Optimization
- Indexing for performance
- Query optimization techniques
- Analyzing and improving execution plans
12. SQL in Practice
- Real-world case studies and examples
- Hands-on projects (creating databases, tables, and queries)
- Integrating SQL with other programming languages (Python, PHP, etc.)
13. Final Project
- Design a database from scratch
- Create tables, relationships, and data
- Write queries to extract meaningful data
14. Course Wrap-Up
- SQL interview questions
- Common errors and troubleshooting
- Best practices for writing efficient SQL queries
